NAFLD, also known as "Fatty Liver", is a condition where fat builds up in the liver, not caused by excessive alcohol consumption. It has two main forms:

• NAFL (Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver): The mildest form, with fat accumulation but no inflammation or liver damage.
• NASH (Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis): A more serious form with inflammation and potential liver damage.

Causes and Risk Factors:

• Insulin resistance: A key factor, leading to increased fat storage in the liver.
• Obesity: A major risk factor, with up to 90% of patients with severe obesity having NAFLD.
• Other factors: Genetics, metabolic disorders, certain medications, and unhealthy lifestyle choices.

Symptoms:

NAFLD often has no symptoms, but some people may experience:

• Fatigue
• Weakness
• Right upper abdominal discomfort

Diagnosis:

• Blood tests: To assess liver function and rule out other conditions.
• Imaging studies: Ultrasound is preferred, with CT or MRI as alternatives.
• Liver biopsy: May be necessary in certain cases to confirm NASH.

Treatment:

• Lifestyle changes: Weight loss, healthy diet, and regular exercise are crucial.
• Medications: Limited options, with some showing potential benefits for specific cases.
• Surgery: Bariatric surgery may be considered for patients with significant obesity.

Complications:

• In rare cases, NASH can progress to cirrhosis (scarring) and liver failure.
• Increased risk of type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and certain cancers.

Prognosis:

• NAFL generally has a good prognosis with proper management.
• NASH requires close monitoring and management to prevent complications.

Prevention:

• Maintaining a healthy weight
• Eating a balanced diet
• Regular physical activity
• Limiting alcohol consumption

The Interprofessional Team:

• Physicians: Diagnose and manage NAFLD, prescribe medications, and perform procedures.
• Dietitians: Provide guidance on healthy eating habits.
• Exercise specialists: Develop personalized exercise programs.
• Mental health professionals: Support patients with lifestyle changes and manage stress1.